The marketing communications (or promotional) mix Essay

The market communications (or promotional) immix - Essay ExampleA combination of email and website work can give amply impact, high relevance, and high reach, must form a key part of any communication strategy (Boylaud, 2000).The just about influential marketing communication elements are the advertising tools which include television, Internet, print and radio along with the traditionalistic marketing efforts to support the contemporary means of advertising will allow the company to get the best(p) of online and offline advertising. As such, direct marketing has never been as precise, powerful and popular as it is today (Palmer,2004). With its in the raw applications to database marketing, global commerce and the internet, it is no longer an option for company officers and marketing executives it is a necessity. Direct marketing has grown beyond its roots in traditional mail order to embrace a drove of new technologies, customer relationship building techniques and performan ce measures set the bar for the future of marketing communications.

Education Politics in UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

tuition Politics in UK - Essay ExampleThis is also sometimes seen as a form of genial control, Education as handmaiden the breeding system serves the industrial process and the economic system by producing a train workforce, and by providing childminding operate, Social change (or social engineering). The education system has been seen as a means of bringing astir(predicate) social change.1Many social theorists think that for many decades education has suffered through unsuccessful traditional policies to which on that point always has been a need for fundamental changes in the structure and nature of educational institutions. Educational policies imbibe been dealt with profound and often confrontational debates over the nature and purposes of education in society, particularly those between education, the economy and the nation. The changes initiated during the period altered the power relationships which had underpinned the education system since the 1944 Education Act, wh ich itself had shaped the post-war educational world.Free master(a) education was introduced in England in 1870 secondary schools were fee-paying until 1944. 80% of children left after elementary education, which after 1918 consummate at 14. The 1944 Education Act introduced free secondary education. ... guments for comprehensives are they reduce the likelihood of discrimination or disadvantage on the basis of class, and that they improve the prospects of children of middling ability. The main argument against is that the selective system may be more consistent with the idea of equality of opportunity. Working class children who went to grammar schools did better than those who go straight off to comprehensive schools.The current political agenda in the light of educational policies and inclusion require us to analyse the facts behind educational policies highlighting Governmental efforts behind inclusion. When in 1990s Industrial mentoring social movement initiated, it involve d almost 17,000 pupils in hundreds of British schools to take benefit from those thousands of companies that encouraged their business people and sanction them to volunteer as mentors2. From 1994 to 1998, the education was escorted by the European Youthstart Initiative who funded almost a hundred curriculums of employment-related guidance, education and training for socially excluded young people in the UK, and the majority of these included mentoring. However, the political extravaganza keep on a significant part of the Initiative, where the Institute of Career Guidance (ICG) co-ordinated the Mentoring Action Project (MAP), the largest such programme in Britain to that date3. The MAP remained a success which took over almost one quarter of statutory careers services in England and Wales, thereby allocating mentors to 1,700 young people4. During the same period, the Dalston Youth Project, a voluntary sector scheme running(a) with young black offenders in Londons deprived East En d, became nationally lauded as an exemplar of mentoring for socially excluded youth. The interior(a) Mentoring Network (NMN) in 1994 was

National Strategy for Counter-terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

National Strategy for Counter-terrorism - Essay showcaseThe (FID) foreign internal defense are terms used in programs that are meant to either pore or suppress the favorable conditions that would promote the insurgent conditions, in this overview the response and detection of potential acts or threats describe the principals of counter-terrorism. This paper argues that the overarching goals articulated in the National Strategy for Counterterrorism increase U.S. force take aimment in the types of puny wars. Small wars from the view of many theorists can be described as strife amidst irregular and regular forces, this definition extends even to the encompass regular troops in different moment or cases that demand their presences and responses like in variable context like in roles of national saki ,politics or culture. If the so-called small wars are analyzed from the policy-making perspective, it is evident that the opponents whenever decide to stand their worldly concern r arely succeed in direct pitched battles. As opposed to traditional rebellious tribesmen, the modern arenas of warfare record some irregularities in their adversaries. As compared to the past, the sole authority was through psychological and political warfare. In this general understanding, success in small wars in that respectfore must include effective means of undermining legitimacy of the adversaries. This means that small wars have to include strategies ranging from peacekeeping, response, small-combating units, and operational as means of survival (Caraccilo 3). The small wars information is a rare modern counterinsurgency, counterterrorism, peace operations and other irregular operations remarkable anticipation. In some cases like the argument passed by the United States on the Marines that best strategy was to let out and intervene between warring factions through their negotiations and eventually reach an amicable settlement that does not involve fighting. The best stra tegy in other situations was to impose order, intervene and create new governments. In the latter, case the fact that the overarching aim in the interests aligned new polity with the U.S. Nevertheless, the marine asserted that the sole bearing should be on the protection of the citizens and people through the government. These strategies in relation to terrorism are driven by extreme ideologies that often have global implications and possible new realities. These ideologies and violence embracing from the diverging responsible groups can achieve a reach globally. This new realitys impact is that there are diverse effects from the terrorist attacks on the countrys interest regardless of where there are issues or attacks occur (Ravndal 7). The National Strategy for Counter-terrorism articulate overarching goals of the countries involved, such as the U.S. military and its involvement in counter-terrorism strategies as described in article 8905. It shows that the effects of the small wars and the new realities brought in by terrorist attacks on the country. As such, the country is forced to constantly intervene in the interference. This causes drastic and negative effects since the contemporary conduct of the military activities that take place in contested social norms and legal terrains, the engagement of military forces in armed conflicts conventions, antiterrorism, counter-conspiracy, enforcement of peacekeeping, law enforcement or stability operations result to deaths and even destruction of property. by dint of this, there is a dense mixture of law through

Oppose National Identification Cards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Oppose National Identification Cards - Essay ExampleUltimately, the lay out was intended to prevent terrorism by creating rigorous and consistent standards with regard to state-issued IDs for all the states to follow. States are outfit to renovate the drivers licenses and non-drivers identification cards such that uniform security features could be included in them crosswise the whole country (PFAW Capitol Hill). The law repealed Section 7212 under Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention motion of 2004, a regulation targeting the issue of national standards for drivers licenses and personal identification cards where minimum standards were set and original information were disclosed in the identification cards left to each of the states discretion, thus sacrificing the consistency of the categories and criteria on who are eligible to obtain the drivers licenses across the whole country. The new law as such improve this by replacing each of all the states standards with a sp ecific national one (Hann).Technically, states are not mandated to accept these federal official standards. But, refusing to do so would mean that their residents would be refused employment, then denied having social security or disallowed air travel. In a sense, instead of imposing a direct order on the states, the federal government is threatening them into complying underhandedly. Combating terrorism is the primary reason behind all these. But, proponents of these are actually forgetting that the criminals do not criminal maintenance about laws, not so much as to breaking them any(prenominal)way. A terrorist would not so much bat an eyelash when he is not going to be dutifully open to obtain a federal ID card. People who disregarded the nations immigration laws would not care so much if they were to disrespect these ID requirements, especially when any card can be forged and any regulating agency could

Federal regulations and federal agencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Federal regulations and federal agencies - Essay ExampleBanerjee (2009) explains that despite research being the foot of the industrys product development, pharmaceutical companies still spend more than twice on merchandising as much as they spend on research and development. This establishes a motivation into ethical politeness such as corporate social responsibility that is likely to develop associations with consumers and establish a warring edge into profitability. Consumers would appreciate the responsible initiatives and prefer organizations products for their social actions and increased sales volume, into higher profits, over competitors would be the consequence. The fear possible and unfavorable legal regulations should organizations fail to act ethically is another reason for my ruling that pharmaceutical company would consider ethical manners, yet in the absence of legal rules. Legal regulations may induce mandatory cost of compliance that would otherwise be forfend ed. Failure to comply with legal regulations, even if it is accidental, may attract monetary policies, unlike failure to comply with moral rules and in order to avoid possibility of such fines and possible deregistration, pharmaceutical companies would prefer to operate ethically (Lamb, Hair, and McDaniel, 2011). Profit motive and the take aim to avoid legal regulation would therefore dictate ethical

The U.S. Labor History in the 20th century Essay - 2

The U.S. Labor History in the 20th century - bear witness ExampleIt would seem that high unemployment and a bleak stinting outlook would discourage workers from uprising. However, worker solidarity go out prevail over fears of economic outcome.During good economic times, the capital is benefiting more than than the worker is. This puts the capital in a position of authority and the attendant perks that come with it. There are political considerations, a halcyon judiciary, and enforcement techniques that discourage organization. Business has law enforcement and the system to back up their position.When difficult times hit with the economic downturn beginning in 1932, the unions were equal to become more solidified. Union members were able to speak for the unemployed people and disadvantaged and gained more interest and support. It was the direct connection between the union and the working class that was able to mobilize the unions during the depression.The Cold War decade of th e 1950s brought about greater cooperation between workers and management which was more likely due to conciliatory attitudes than worker satisfaction. The unions had made strides through the ability to overdress in the mid-thirties and the struggle effort of the 1940s. However, the post-war period brought about some dissatisfaction among the public for the head of the AFL-CIO, John Lewis. A productive strike in 1943 at the height of the war had sparked public outrage that he had broken the war efforts no-strike policy. This anger would not be forgotten when Congress overrode Trumans veto of the Labor-Management Relations crook, known as the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947.The Labor-Management Relations Act set the stage for union activity during the 1950s. It severely limited the unions ability to organize and strike. Business was pushing for greater productivity at the expense of the workers. Strikes were generally short-lived, local, and quickly suppressed. The closed stool was out lawed and companies would move plants to locations that were less labor-friendly.

The Cycle Shop Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Cycle Shop - Essay ExampleShoulder movements such as shaking or nodding the head atomic number 18 movements created by an individual as an easier for the someone to draw off a quick decision. People plunder withal stiffen the body parts or at least reduce the movements by trying to control the reaction to the effect of the emotion.The slight head movements are hard to control because when a psyche is lying, for example, it is automatic for the expressions to occur and the individual may not confirm much ability to control it (Rosenberg & Ekman, 2005). Emotions expressed from the face such as blushing are also not easy to control because these are expressions, which occur as a result of tension in the body.One of the situations where the verbal and non-verbal expressions do not go together is when a person is telling the accuracy and his facial expression is suggesting that he intended to lie. In this process, the interviewer may be able to detect that the person is conf used (Ekman, 2009). Other people may use the technique of looking down to avoid spunk contact when they are lying even though it is also said the truthful people could sterilise the same movements. Another situation is where one looks at an interviewee, and notices that his eye pupils are dilating. This is seen as a mug of lying, but it may not be consistent with the expression because at times the dilation may have been caused by bright light (Friesen & Ekman, 2003).There are a few emotional expressions which cannot be controlled. These are the expressions where the body does not necessarily have to produce any movements, but they are those that can be identified by just looking at a persons face. They include paleness of the skin, redness of the face and eye blinking (Ekman, 2009). This is a situation where a person may be embarrassed or guilty and cannot control the changes occurring on his face. No matter how much the person may not want the interviewer to notice the express ions,

Managenent and leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managenent and address - Assignment subjectFor example, many of the leaders in the Arab world ar ruling their country only because of their heredity. It is not unavoidable that these leaders are as in force(p) as other leaders. Some people label leadership as an art whereas others label it as science. In fact, it is a mixture of these two. Both scientific and esthetical skills are requisite for a leader to become an effective leader. It requires skills such as intelligence, emotional control, colloquy abilities, temperament, patience, authority, power, decision-making abilities etc. Since these skills are not available to many, it is impossible for all the people to become effective leaders. This news report analyses the question can anyone can be an effective leader. Skills undeniable for an effective leader According to Daniel Goleman, that the well-nigh effective leaders are alike in one crucial way They all stomach a tall degree of what has come to be known as emot ional Intelligence. In his interrogation he found that emotional intelligence is the sine qua non of leadership (Goleman, 2009, p.82). Emotional intelligence or EQ is different from intelligence quotient or IQ. Emotional intelligence is the cogency to know other people and their needs. It is the ability to adapt with the surroundings and the people. On the other hand, IQ is the abilities of a person with respect to intelligence. It is not necessary that a person with proud IQ bulls eye may have high EQ score also. Same way, it is not necessary that a person with high EQ may have high IQ. In short, both EQ and IQ are entirely different concepts. To become an effective leader, high EQ is necessary. It is not necessary that a leader with high IQ may become an effective leader if he has low EQ. There are plenty of situations in which control of emotions are necessary to manage a complicated situation well. For example, Iran is currently scourgeening America and other westerners bec ause of their ambitions to become a nuclear power. Irans current president is trying to provoke America and Israel in many ways. Obama is neglecting the allegations of Iran since he has higher abilities in emotional controls. Another American president would have responded differently to Irans threat and the problems could have been worse. In short, an effective leader definitely needs strong controls over his emotions and he should neer approach situations based on emotions. Wisdom should prevail over emotions for a leader to become effective. Since emotional controls are slight for many leaders, it is difficult for them to become effective leaders. Saddam, Gaddafi and Mubarak were some of the leaders of the present cytosine who failed to lead their people effectively because of their lack of EQ. Nobody can argue that these people have less IQ. In fact, all of them had high scores of IQ. However, they cannot be labelled as effective leaders since they failed to lead the people b ased on their needs. Emotional intelligence helps a leader to take sound decisions in difficult situations. For example, there are plenty of organizations, which struggled to overcome difficult situation created by recent recession. However, there are many other organisations, which come out with success even in the difficult seam climate. This is because of the effectiveness of the leaders in those organizations. For example, Apple is one American company which excelled even during the recession period. They are the most valuable technological company in the world at present.

Is state government an effective form of government Essay

Is state government an effective form of government - Essay ExampleThis is a step forward in the process of de rudimentaryization out of federal power and of achieving efficiency by the state governments.Dr. Weiher stated that there are four general purposes of a written physical composition (1) draw a Form of Government (2) Limit Governmental Power (3) Define Who is a Citizen and (4) Identify societys central values (Weiher, 2002). This last point has to be emphasized. The values of any given society change often from territory to territory. People from different states have very different sets of values and a written Constitution is a reflection of the diversity of values among citizens of different states. For example, people from Utah have in leafy vegetable their unique religious beliefs. The same can be said of other people from other states. The federal government provides the unity within the diversity, and each state is a symbolic pluralistic unit in the spectrum of all the states bound together under the U.S. Constitution.The Wikipedia points out that the most obvious advantage of a codify constitution is the coherent and easily understood body of rules. A codified constitution at the least(prenominal) is simple to read, being a single document.

Christian view Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Christian put on - Essay ExampleThe process of creation of the world is described in the Book of Genesis. It features main elements, standardized Days of Creation, as well as aftermath such as life of Adam and Eve. However, this textbook also has some important implications for the contemporary Christians. Thus, it was argued that the notion that humanity has the responsibility to exercise care over the earth from its higher position often results not so much in stewardship that guards the earth as in domination and exploitation (Chopp and Taylor 6). Indeed, former(a) than universe the most perfect creature, a human being is a creature with responsibility. Some might go as far as verbal expression that the concept of the Original Sin should be focused on exclusively on eating the fruits of the disallow tree, but rather on abandoning the above mentioned responsibility.Creation and the TrinityAs it often happens in the Bible some forward parts of it are related to the later one . In other words, the Bible is a set of unite books, though they were written in different times. That is why some scholars point that there is a beefed-up relationship between Genesis which is the first book of the Bible and the doctrine of Trinity which is something that appeared much later. For example, it is explained that Creator, Redeemer, and upholder the Three Persons of the Holy Trinity these terms refer to Gods relations with the creation (Hanson 42). In other words, one of the characteristic features of God the Father was the creation of the world.

Womens Health and Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Womens Health and Rights - Essay ExampleFemales have the might of carrying a fetus in their wombs. It is a distinct characteristic of egg-producing(prenominal)s that males would not be able to replicate. This makes females an pregnant entity in the preservation of mankind. However, with such importance, ar females given the same importance with regards to health information and breakthroughs comp ared to the males? Females are continuously proving to the society that they are just as capable as the male members of the civilization. This is despite the fact that there are differences between the characteristics of the two genders. There are specific distinctions in health ask between males and females. A females reproductive system is more complex than that of the male. It is during the adolescence when females experience a rate of physical changes. This is the time when females start having their monthly menstruation period. There are certain discomforts that go together with this health condition uniquely present in female bodies. There is neither an free nor a medication that can stop this health event from happening. There are points in the oecumenical web that aims to report health information and concerns. One of these sites is WebMD.Com. As the sites slogan goes, if a person is well-informed on how to take care of their bodies, these people would have better health and leave behind be living a better life. This site does have a specific page for womens health that addresses womens indigences to be able to gain better knowledge of their physical well- beingness. It is genuinely necessary for medical information websites to have pages that would address to womens health. There are health conditions that need to be addressed especially when they will eventually lead to life threatening ailments. The issues that are being tackled at the site vary from puberty to menopause. Navigating to the page is only a click away from the homepage. It is well- behaved that WebMD presents this page exclusively for womens health. even off men can use this page as a guide in understanding their partners especially when women are undergoing hormonal changes. There are a number of ailments that only a woman can acquire. This goes hand in hand with their ability to get pregnant. Even if this is given information, womens health is lots neglected as mens health is often the given more attention and focus. It is quite alarming though that the most discussed aspect on the site is related to the reproductive system. Females are smart and can understand information just like as their male counterparts. Health conditions are not always on the good side. When females are faced with skillful health problems, lay down the truth and do not sugar-coat the reality. Birth control is one of the aspects that modify the females more than the males. However, this may also be the cause of several reproductive disorders that women acquire during their lifetime . A female needs to intake pills or inject contraceptives to be able to control hormones that are possible for them to conceive. What are not clearly stated though would be the after effects of these medicines to women who would eventually stop exploitation them and acquire the desire to conceive? Instead of stating artificial birth control methods, to truly protect womens health, medical sites or institutions should promote natural form of birth control that would not manipulate hormones or genes that might be the cause for infertility and other ailments as their side effects. When a reader does not research further, only the positive effects or the negative effect of the medication can be known which can be considered impartial. If this website would stand for its slogan, the possible negative effects of medications to women at the onset should be

Customer Relationship Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Customer Relationship Management - Essay ExampleCustomer relationship snapsing alike serves to evaluate the consumer as a means of providing them with the products which would be most suited to their demographic or psychographic compose (Coravue Inc., 2007). Generally this is accomplished by reviewing browsing habits stored in mass databases or reviewing comments left by customers on company websites. In the bricks-and-mortar sales environment, evaluating customer habits can sometimes be as easy as reviewing a credit card statement or sales history over a power point of days or weeks.However, who really c ares intimately customer relationship management PepsiCo should, as there is little grounds that the company maintains a focus on CRM other than through brand-building exercises which appear to give the impression that PepsiCo products are more commodities than tools for building customer satisfaction and loyalty. Evidence suggests that PepsiCo, despite their extended, global reach and wide manakin of subsidiaries and brand varieties, requires significant adjustment to existing CRM policies. This paper assesses the overall importance of customer relationship management whilst applying CRM literature to the current marketing environment at PepsiCo. Recommendations for improvements in CRM focus at the firm forget also be proposed.Technological develo... elopments are generally the key to successful CRM programmes, allowing for business communications regarding CRM focus to be distributed as well as maintaining an adequate database of consumer-related information. The Internet, additionally, allows organisations to use real-time customer interaction, through a series of integrated communications messages, to support the brands image (Turner, 2008). From the technological perspective, customer relationship management is about having the software support necessary to extend the brand/company experience into new areas of streamlined earnings systems or int eractive, entertaining product websites. PepsiCo is quite competent in its interactive marketing focus, developing a wide variety of contest websites, interactive product design websites (allowing consumers to interact in a virtual(prenominal) design environment), and countless others. For instance, the company utilised a promotional incentive by printing different codes on the tops of its Pepsi brand products, allowing customers to visit the corresponding website to win various prizes (Harwood, 2006). In this particular campaign, PepsiCo standard 15 million entries, which suggests that the campaign was a tremendous success. It would be a likely assessment that a great deal of the registration information regarding consumers was stored in a database in the event of requiring information for other promotional offers or incentives. Some might argue that promotional literature and interactive contest websites would not be include in CRM, however in terms of the successes of the Peps i-Cola brand, these types of promotional activities are creating connection with consumer lifestyle and with the company itself. whiz need only visit a legitimate PepsiCo product website to witness an enormous

An Intelligence View of Music Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

An Intelligence View of euphony Education - Essay ExampleThis certainly puts a whole new perspective on medical specialty teaching. Pargonnts and teachers can now understand the great potential that resides un-explored in the mind of a child and make love that medication holds the key to unlock that potential. The narrative style is very simple and easy to follow. That is another consummation by Dr Harvey as he has spared us the high-sounding, difficult to pronounce technical jargon associated with brain studies. incidental details make it easy to follow the chronology of culture in this field. The under-tone of the article is that after knowing the quaint qualities of music program line, it does not oblige to remain an extra-curricular activity. As Ives said, Music expands my mind and challenges me to be a current individual. That is good enough reason to make music education a part of education curriculum.Research ProposalMusic Education - Just Arts or SmartsMusic is ab out communication, creativity, and cooperation, and, by studying music in school, students have the chance to build on these skills, enrich their lives, and experience the valet from a new perspective. These words of spring President Bill Clinton sum up the extremum of view of music education proponents. The proponents of music education consider music education essential for development of both intellectual and aesthetic faculties. Several studies have confirmed that music directly enhances learning done increased spatial development. Math and reading are improved by learning rhythms and decoding notes and symbols. So there appears to be cross disciplinary learning in music.1. On the internet, www.childrenmusicworkshop.com is a strong advocate of music education. They say that, it is...Music is about communication, creativity, and cooperation, and, by studying music in school, students have the opportunity to build on these skills, enrich their lives, and experience the world from a new perspective. These words of former President Bill Clinton sum up the point of view of music education proponents. The advocates of music education consider music education essential for development of both intellectual and aesthetic faculties. Several studies have confirmed that music directly enhances learning through increased spatial development. Math and reading are improved by learning rhythms and decoding notes and symbols. So there appears to be cross disciplinary learning in music.1. On the internet, www.childrenmusicworkshop.com is a strong advocate of music education. They say that, it is an anomaly that while music is undermined in our public schools as a legitimate subject for serious study, there is a fig out in the body of question demonstrating that music is a valuable tool for educators. Those who consider music to be an extra-curricular activity unworthy of inclusion as a core subject are overlooking the singular qualities that music instruction provi des to all children. 2. In the words of Dr Arthur Harvey of the University of Hawaii (Manoa) -Three major developments in new-made years have strengthened our position in promoting music as a significant and research supported discipline that ought to be the core of the curriculum.

Tube feeding Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tube supply - Annotated Bibliography casingThe results of the article show that patients may die or sustain serious injuries when the nurse administering to them loses the nasogastric feeding electron tube during insertion process or when the patients are using the tubes. The implication of the article is to provide nurses will the intimacy and skill to manage the nasogastric feeding tubes wisely.The purpose of the article was to enlighten the a nurse practitioner as far as feeding tube complication, contemporary feeding tubes, and the use of feeding tubes are concerned, in particular when it comes to the pediatric population. The study primarily depended on literature review with academic databases such as PubMed, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL existence in use. The study revealed that all children who could not take nutrition through normal or oral examination means qualified for tube feeding. In addition, the study found out that a nurse practitioner (NP) could use gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tubes, pediatric gastrostomy (G) tubes, and nasogastric (NG) tubes on children. The implication of the research is to inform about how to care for children with enteral feeding tube access and how NPs can handle such patients in their daily routines.The reporter outlines near of the study skepticisms against the feeding tube, particularly as it relates to Parkinsons Patients and aspiration pneumonia. In essence, the reporter cites the views of various experts concerning the contentious topic where some experts allude to the fact that the use of feeding tube can significantly reduce the risk of sensing aspiration pneumonia. On the other hand, some experts are opposed to the placement of the device on Parkinsons Patients, literary argument that it is highly unlikely to extend the lives of such patients. The implication of this newspaper article is to provide the nurses and public with ecumenic and specific information concerning the potent of the feedi ng tube on Parkinsons and aspiration pneumonia Patients.Tube feeding is fundamental

Realism and Emotion in Gothic Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

world and Emotion in gothic Art - Essay ExampleThe term maintained its deprecating connecter until the 19th century. During this period, a positive critical revaluation of Gothic architecture took place. The term Gothic clay a standard iodine in study of art history even if modern scholars rich person long realized that Gothic art has nothing to do with the Goths. 2. Gothic Art and Architecture The or so important and original art form during the Gothic period is architecture. Its principal structural characteristics began out of gallant masons efforts to solve the problems connected with supporting heavy masonry ceiling vaults over wide spans. An example of the earliest Gothic sculptures which is utter to be a revolution in style is the Western (Royal) Portal at Chartres cathedral (ca. 1145). These jamb statutes affixed to the columns next to the doorways are tall, slender standing figures of kings and queens from whom the Portail Royale derived its name. In the eighteent h and nineteenth century, these figures were mistakenly identified as the Merovingian monarchs of France. 3. Gothic Painting Gothic painting did not emerge until the ancestry of the thirteenth century. This became visible nearly 50 years after the start of Gothic architecture and sculpture. The renewing from the Romanesque art to Gothic is very vague and inaccurate. However, beginnings of darker and more senseal styles were seen as deviating from the previous period. Paintings during this period were just in four primary crafts such as frescos, panel paintings, manuscript illumination and stained glass. Simone Martini is one of the most original and influential artists of the Gothic era. He painted many frescos and altarpiece panels such as the Virgin and Child (1320) for the Church of Saint Catherine in Pisa. He added refined contour of line, grace of look and serenity of mood in his paintings. 4. Trend to Realism and Emotion The growing concern for realism and emotion can be traced across Gothic art forms. The two major and important arts forms during the Gothic era are sculpture and painting. The trend toward greater realism and emotion can be said to have been entrenched from the era. The general effect of the maturement of the Gothic style is now shown on the atomic number 74 front of the Chartres Cathedral (c. 1140-50). This is the first impulse of Gothic art towards realism. One can see the development of sculpture during this early period of Gothic art which is towards increased realism and that deviates from the wooden feel of Romanesque sculpture. This was achieved in a series of stylistic impulses and not by continuous evolution. The figures in the sculpture on the atomic number 74 front of Chartres are barely real and their forms are strongly aligned with the architectural composition. The work of the gold-worker Nicholas of Verdun showed the second creative impulse of Gothic art. His artwork is marked by graceful, curving figures and padd ed Greek-like ridged-and-troughed drapery or the so-called Muldenstil. A third impulse towards realism in Gothic sculpture, ground on 10th century Byzantine prototypes, seems to have originated at Notre-Dame, Paris (c.1200)2. This style is characterized by figures with a

Consumer Attitudes and Purchase Intentions in Relation to Organic Foods Essay Example for Free

Consumer Attitudes and Purchase Intentions in Relation to Organic diets EssayAbstract The aim of this weigh is to find out the third (3) solid vari satisfactorys forming the verifying stance towards the get the perfect regimen in Peninsula Malaysia, which lastly transcend to the ultimate intention in buying the completeally-produced viands. The different vari fits atomic number 18 focused on demographic quotationistics on sign of the zodiac income, yield attributes and lastly the comprehend value to the nodes. This theatre shows that the household income is evidently appeared to be an grievous predictor among the targeted segmentation in consuming extreme fertiliser solid victuals. Organic food attributes much(prenominal)(prenominal) as pricing, handiness and purlieually friendliness of such(prenominal) natural food may influence pull inr buying decision. Lastly, the perceive value from the customers towards natural food on its health effects, se nsory bring up, victual-worth and belief of perceive benefits, a great deal play an of the essence(predicate) role in cultivating the intention towards buying natural fertiliser food. Introduction and Background of the contemplate Over the last two decades, on that point has been a remarkable increase in demand for organic-produced food or products.Organic food is often seen and commercialiseed as health-conscious food which contains fewer contaminants, to a greater extent nutrients and nearly signifi butt jointtly having a positive effect on the environment. It is known that close to of these attributes are difficult to quantify, with the contrary that some of exploreer has proved that they may cause such capableness harm during the organic production. The organic market back in 80s, while remaining a niche sector, has heavy(a) to be able to grab a share from the total spending on food in some countries in the recent years.Organic fruit and vegetables are amongst th e products which wealthy person been expanding in the rapid production. The demand for organically-produced meat and dairy products has undergone the same rapid progress, with a corresponding increase in the need for organically bounteous forage and feed crops. This has led to a fast growth in consumer demand whereby the organic food gross sales have managed to gain a significant market share in the ceremonious food industry. The market for organically produced crops and commodities has become much structured, looking at the increased number of countries which have adopted constant standards for organic food production.The standardization has to a fault applied in the organic certification and labelling. While both(prenominal) the production and the marketing of the organic cultivation of temperate crops have actual, there is a trend to be seen whereby the developing countrys farmers are actively involved in the organic farming. Problem narration and Importance of the enqui ry Organic horticulture industry, no doubt, has offers close of the developing countries a wide cuckold of sparing, environment, social and cultural benefits.Certifies organic products have now been growing fast and in the mist of incoming the global market. Malaysia, on the separate hand, is still in the starting spark-point in adapting the organic-food consumption while the developed countries such as North America and Europe have already gained the biggest market share in this newest industry. Due to expanding markets and attractive value premiums, Malaysia should comprise and invest in organically-produced food, taking into consideration of variant significant variables which may form the consumer deportment towards organic food.We would like to postgraduatelight that the ultimate goal of this study is to translate consumers motivations behind organic food products barter fors in order to enable organic producers to develop a more effective strategic marketing plan. The results could be used for the marketing planning of organic food products to enable proper marketing strategies, a proper sales channel and promotion to be targeted to these groups of consumers. Re look to Questions The present study aims to answer the following questions What are demographic characteristics of organic food buyers? How do demographic characteristics impinge on consumer sides towards organic foods? How product attributes effect consumer offices towards organic foods? How consumer perceived values influence consumer attitudes towards organic foods? What is the family relationship between consumers attitudes towards organic foods and their intentions to purchase? How can results of the study be applied by managers and marketers? Research Objectives.Regarding to the moment of the growing market of organic foods in the world, and to the previous studies on consumer attitudes towards organic foods and its effects on purchase intentions in several countries (e. g. Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom, United States and Denmark) we intend to engage out such similar studies in Peninsula Malaysia with objectives as the following To report the descriptive analysis on the organic buyers demographic characteristics To identify the effects of demographic characteristics (specifically level of households income) on consumer attitudes towards organic foods. To retrieve effects of product attributes on consumer attitudes towards organic foods To inquire the relation of consumer perceived values to consumer attitudes towards organic foods To determine the relationship between consumers attitudes towards organic foods and their intentions to purchase To shed light on implications for managers and marketers Literature Review demographics Based on findings from previous research, demographic characteristics were evaluated as one of the major predictors in gaining intention to purchase the organic food in Peninsula Malaysia. accord to Robinson R. and Smith C. (2002), the demographic of consumers consist of mixed(a) characteristics namely the gender, age, household income and education level. Each element has been contributed in forming the valued attitudes towards buying the organic products. Hence, the demographic characteristics, especially on household income is have the appearance _or_ semblanceingly significant and being the focus in this research. This im pull up stakes eventually lead to the desired intention in buying such products for daily consumption. Level of Household Income.Whilst referring to the studies through with(p) in the US, it is seemingly apparent that the demographic variables which herby refer as the income dispersion, is significant predictors (Bartels Reinders, 2009). The research on this finical subject has prove that income positively influenced buying behaviour which in turn may cause the perceived buying behaviour towards the organic food. A same result has shown in Germ any(prenomina l) as well (Bartels Reinders, 2009). In Germany, demographic variables such as household income distribution have played an definitive role in developing significant effect on organic buying behaviour.However, the overall inevitability of the demographic characteristics was relatively different, taking into consideration of research carried in various westbound countries. These findings verify the results of earlier studies by Clark goldsmith (2006) and Im et al. (2003) proven that the intellectual practice on using the demographic characteristics such as household income distribution and domain specific innovativeness will be seen as strategic tools for market segmentation.In the Western countries, research has identified that the demand and impulsiveness in expenditure on organic impregnables often affiliated closely with various socioeconomic and demographic variables (Wier et al. , 2008). In addition, Menghi (1997) found that the majority households with middle and hig h income levels showed a greater tilt in purchase and consuming organic foods. However, it is shown that almost all of these studies are establish upon hypothesized future behaviour rather than observed behaviour in both Denmark and UK.Hence, studies have been carried out by researchers to further invent on the influences of demographic characteristics especially in household income in guiding the intention of buying the organic goods. Through the research it is revealed that higher disposable household income (approximated by total food expenditure) will lead to higher positive intention in purchasing the organic food. Consumers with a lower household income on base with lower level of education are found to be least apt(predicate) to have hear of organic agriculture (Roitner-Schobesberger et al. , 2008).On a contrary, those who have a higher income and hold an academic class are more likely to be the target segmentation in purchasing organic products (Roitner-Schobesberger et al. , 2008). It is alike mentioned that the correlation between the household income level is very much linked to the level of education as well. As mentioned by Robinson R. and Smith C. (2002), intended purchases of sustainably produced foods did non differ for demographic characteristics such as household annual income educational attainment.Through the research carried out by Ross NJ.et al. (2000), they have suggested that consumers with a higher earning incomes were more likely to have purchased locally produced food, mainly focus on the organic consumption by various segmentations. Their research and findings were supported earlier by Govindasamy R. and Italia J. (1998) whereby the same results applied. Groups with a higher household income tend to have purchased foods produced with reduced curse wordicides. In UK particularly, social group is employed as an indicator of income brackets (Wier et al. , 2008).Research has revealed that the tendency in purchase the organic good s seem to increase in accordance to the given social status. However, the highest organic cipher shares are observed for middle class households whilst shares in the upper middle class being in fact lower. Quite captivatingly, a similar phenomenon is observed to be happened in Denmark as well. Organic Food Attributes Organic food attributes influence consumer buying decision. Several empirical studies have been performed on customer perceptions of organic food attributes and how they formed the consumer attitudes towards food.In the present research, among different product attributes, we have selected legal injury of organic food, environmentally friendliness of organic food and organic food handiness. Price of Organic Food Organic foods are often of a price premium above conventional products. According to Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008) in Thailand the price difference between organic and non-labeled conventional vegetables in Bangkok varied between 50 pct and 170 percen t and in some cases even 400 percent.However, in some countries such as Finland there were not significant premium prices for organic foods (Tarkiainen and Sundqvist, 2005). As Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008) pointed out that despite the price difference of organic and non-organic food, nearly 60% of the organic buyers said that the price of organic products was not a problem. In addition, non-organic buyers ranked some other items as a reason of not purchasing organic food rather than higher prices.Chryssohoidis Krystallis (2005) declareed that while 100 percent of people would prefer organic to conventional products with the assumption of similar price, this percentages dropped by only 20 percent when the same question was posed careless(predicate) the higher price of organic food. In other words, higher price is an important obstacle for a limited percentage of consumers. Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008) found out that in Bangkok men were more likely to purchase organic foods than women and concluded that it might be due to the reason of men being willing to pay a higher price premium for organic products than women.Similarly, a study in Klang Valey, Malaysia showed that women werre more likely than men to agree that they would purchase more organic foods if they were less expensive (Ahmed, 2010). Additionally, heavy users were on average stage whereby they are willing to pay higher price premiums than medium and light users (Wier et. al, 2008). environmentally friendliness of organic food Consumers are getting more conscious and concerned with the consumption of chemic substance used in farming and preserving environment is becoming a strong attitude among consumers.According to Tarkiainen and Sundqvist (2005), subjective norms effect on attitudes has been mainly found in behaviors, that involved some kind of estimable decision, and similarly buying organic food can be seen as ethical decision reflecting environmental concern. In addition, per ceived quality is associated with environmentally friendly practices (Ness et. al, 2009). The perception of organic food products as environmentally friendly was a common intuition and has been examined in several studies (Ahmed, 2010 Honkanen et. al, 2006).It is believed that when the consumers have more concern intimately their health and environmental protection, they will be more likely to have a positive attitude to organic foods (Ness et. al, 2010). Honkanen et. al (2006) found that ecologically oriented consumers were more likely to form intentions to purchase and consume organic food. In other words, the more people are concerned about environment, the more positive attitude they have towards organic food. Organic Food Availability Lack of organic food availability and variety in store is considered as one of the barriers to consumer purchase.Fresh vegetables (which include fresh herbs) were considered the most widely available organic product group rather than other organ ic foods (Roitner-Schobesberger et. al, 2008). Chryssohoidis Krystallis (2005) stated that limited availability was the main factor that hinders organic purchasing. Although according to Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008), in Thailand, majority of organic buyers were satisfied with availability of organic products. Most of them reported that they would like to buy more organic products, especially a wider reach of vegetables. Value to the Customer.In every product that consumer purchased and used, they in turn are expecting value from it. Value can be defined as a benefit that consumer is receiving by using a product. Benefits here implicate sensory appeal of the product, taste, fun, freshness, quality and healthiness of the products. These are some main reasons that abetd consumer to purchase the organic food. The value may vary from one consumer to another however there will definitely be one value that effect the buying attitude which motivate the buying intention of consume rs. Health personnel of Organic FoodSeveral perceptions contributed to health attribute include the reason of being good for health, good for children, not containing pesticides, high in fiber, natural and nutritious and safer to eat (Roitner-Schobesberger, et. al, 2008 Saher et. al 2006 Lockie et. al, 2002 Ness et. al, 2009). The perceived potential hazards of modern agricultural practices such as the use of pesticides and their residues in food were perceived to be associated with foresightful term and unknown effects on health (Miles and Frewer, 2001Wilkins Hillers, 1994 Williams Hammit, 2001).Saher et. al (2006) revealed that there is very little scientific support for the common beliefs that organic food would be more healthy or nutritious than stock foods, but the belief that they have these properties remains sooner strong in consumers mindset. The claim is baffling whether marketers can use the health claim for marketing purposes because most of the research concluded t hat there was no evidence that organic food was healthier or more nutritious than conventional food (Honkanen et. al, 2006).However, most studies in this area suggested that consumers perception of organic food as a healthy nutrition is one the most significant motivations for buyers. Lockie et al. (2002) pointed out that health was the one aspect consumers are least willing to compromise. Roitner-Schobesberger et. al (2008) in Bangkok, Thailand, examined the motives behind organic food purchase and pointed out that the most important motive was the expect positive health effects. Similarly in Malaysia, organic buyers believed that organic food was healthier compared to conventional grown food (Ahmed, 2010).In Thailand, the health aspect was closely associated with the residues from synthetic chemicals used in agriculture (Roitner-Schobesberger et. al, 2008). In fact, organic products often have a lower level of pesticide residues (Baker et al. , 2002). Lockie et. al (2002) reveale d that although price was an important factor, organic consumers consider health has appeared as a more significant factor for purchasing organic food in Australia. These organic food consumers also believed that industrial methods of food processing constitute a threat to customers health.Another research by Schifferstein Oude Ophuis (1997) illustrated that well-being was rated among all other motives by organic food buyers. On the other hand, Tarkiainen and Sundqvist (2005) by examining specific organic products (bread and flour) claimed that health consciousness did not explained the general attitudes towards organic food, although they believed this results might be different by examining different organic products. centripetal Appeals Sensory appeals of organic food are part of the factors that provides value to customer.Sensory appeals include the taste, odor and also the grain of the organic product (Prescott et. al, 2002). Sometimes sensory appeals of the organic food need to be combined with the non-sensory factors such as organic food related expectations to create a value to customer which will affect their attitude towards buying organic food (Prescott et. al, 2002). Sensory factors are also influenced by cultures and background of consumers. For example, consumers from Western countries eat less spicy food compared to those from Asia.Spicy organic food might produce high value to consumers in Asian countries compared to Western. Intrinsic cues or sensory appeal that are associated with physical characteristics of the product such as taste, size, color, appearance, smell, feel and flavor were commonly used as indicators of quality on the organic food (Schifferstein et. al,1997). Quality is also value that consumers experiencing by consuming an organic food. Better sensory appeal of organic food will portray a better quality which will influence the attitude of purchasing an organic food and later increase the intention of buying the organic food. unmatched of the most prominent sensory appeals that yield more value to consumer is taste. According to Roitner-Schobesbergeris et. al (2008), taste was the third important motives that consumers purchase organic food (Roitner-Schobesbergeris et. al, 2008). Others studies also emphasized that many organic food buyers believed that organic food products taste better than conventional food even if sensory evaluations have yielded in tenacious results (Fillion and Arazi,2002 McEachern and McClean,2002 Zhao et al. ,2007). sensed Value.One of the studies conducted in eight countries concluded that individual attitudes towards buying organic food are primarily based on the belief about the benefits (Thogersen, 2000). Benefits or value to consumers such as healthy, taste better and environment friendly supersede all the other factors such as belief about the cost. The same proven in one of the study conducted in Klang vale. Most of the respondents reported that they choose to buy organi c food products because they perceived organic food as very healthy, fresher and natural (Bayaah Ahmad et.all, 2010).As such, value of organic food towards customers effect their attitudes towards buying which will motivates their intention of purchasing the organic product. Consumers also value organic food as nutritional food since it is produced using traditional method whereby the original nutrition from the food is preserved. Nutrition belief was one of the reasons that made people appeared to have different food styles and often pull out themselves as having food adventurousness or pickiness (Chen, 2007).Organic food adds value to consumers who has such belief and it will influence their intention of consuming it by affecting the buying behavior. Besides, Chen (2007) points out that an individuals personal interests or traits act a part in establishing personal food choice criteria through the values held by the individual. These values comprise nutrition beliefs, weight cont rol concerns, and so on. For instance, people seem to have different food-styles and often express themselves as having food adventurousness or pickiness.Another important motive to purchase organic food as reported by Roitner-Schobesbergeris et. al (2008) is the consumers search for new, trendy and attractive food products. Attitudes towards Organic food and Intention to purchase Basically, consumer attitudes are found to be the most important predictor of intention to buy (Honkanen et. al, 2006). Several studies have found that higher perceived product quality leads to more positive re-purchase intentions (Bou-Llusar et. al, 2001 Hult, Kandemir 2004 Tarkiainen Sundqvist, 2005).Chen (7007) highlighted that if the consumers attitude towards organic foods is positive, the consumers attitude to purchase organic food will be more likely to be positive. This is also consistent with another study performed by Honkanen et. al (2006) indicating that relation between attitude and intentio n is positive and quite strong, indicating that consumers with positive attitudes towards consumption of organic food are more likely to form intentions to consume such food, therefore converting positive attitudes to intentions. Methodology Theoretical Research Framework pic Figure1.Theoretical Research Framework meditation Development supposal 1 There is a relationship between demographic characteristics of consumers and their attitudes towards organic foods. speculation 2 There is a relationship between organic food attributes and consumers attitudes towards the organic food. Hypothesis 3 There is a positive relationship between values of organic food to customer with attitudes towards buying organic foods. Hypothesis 4 When the consumers attitude towards organic foods is positive, the consumers intentions to purchase organic foods will be more likely to be positive. Research Design.The questionnaires are only designed in English since the respondents are assumed to be relativ ely high educated they will be able to answer the questions without any difficulties. Furthermore it will help to keep the original meaning and understanding that respondents perceived to have towards the questions. Types of questions in questionnaires are mostly closed ended question and only two surface ended question. This will only consume little time for the respondent to complete the questionnaire which will encourage them to participate in this study. There are three main categories in the prepared questionnaires.The questions in the beginning(a) category are more towards understanding demographic details of the respondent such as on the age, income level, ethnicity, religion and educational level. This is useful to confirm the background of the organic food consumers. There are also questions on the product attributes which the respondents are asked to identify what are the main attributes that attract the purchase and also to determine whether this factor have a positive effect towards consumer attitude on organic food. Last part in the questionnaires is designed to understand the value of organic food to customers.All these questions are to test 4 hypotheses of this study. Data Collection The target population consists of organic food buyers in Peninsula Malaysia. In order to carry out the sampling Peninsula Malaysia is divided in to 3 major regions namely northern, Central and Southern region. Northern region will be embodyed by Penang, Central region will be Klang Valley and Southern region of Peninsula Malaysia is represented by Johor Bahru. These three areas are chosen based on the economic development and availability of the organic products.From each region shopping complexes and supermarkets that provide organic products are identified. By using random sampling, three shopping complexes and supermarkets in urban areas are selected. Since target respondent with higher educational level and purchasing power are scattered around these urban areas, these will be perfect places to conduct this research. Those three supermarkets and shopping complexes are ensured to be far from each other so that the collected samples will be more accurate in representing the population in each region. meat sample size comprises of 540 individual respondents is collected using convenience sampling and respondents will be approached randomly. Since this study is conducted in large scale, convenient sampling will be more cost effective compared to other types of sampling. Furthermore conducting other types of sampling will be time consuming and the accuracy of the collected samples to represent the actual population will be questionable. In order to collect the entropy, 60 self-administered consumer questionnaire surveys are distributed in each shopping complexes which will result in 180 questionnaires from each region.Considering the validity of the data, we are expecting a total of about 500 questionnaires to be usable in the later part of data analysis. Although there is no way of knowing if those included are representative of the overall population, the survey is still expected to give a first overview of relevant issues and to allow to derive insights into the perception of organic food buyers in Peninsula Malaysia. Data Analysis After data is collected, data will be edited and coded. alter data is very essential part of data analysis especially when researches involve open ended questions.Editing is through with(p) immediately after data is collected so that the respondent can be contacted if any clarification needed. The edited data are identified through usage of different fond and colors. cryptanalysis is done before data processing is conducted. Since most of the data collected involve ordinal scale, cryptanalysis becomes prudent. By doing this data accurately keyed in and avoid wrong interpretation of data. Base on the three sections in the questionnaire, data is also coded in three main groups. Data processing is done using a software program called SPSS version 17.First of all the edited and coded data is check and scanned through. Wrongly entered and coded data will be identified using the software through methods like appellation of the maximum value. Values like variance, standard deviation, mean and range are used to understand the speciality of the questions asked in the questionnaire and how respondents reacted to the questions. The reliability and validity test is done to check the credibility of the data. The reliability test also conducted to test the relationship of the variables through the reliability coefficient.Validity test is done to assess all three factorial validity, convergent validity and also discriminant validity. References Ahmed, S. N. B. , 2010, Organic Food A Study on demographic Characteristics and Factors Influencing Purchase Intentions among Consumers in Klang Valley, Malaysia, International ledger of Business and Management 5, No. 2, Baker, B. , Benbrook, C. , Groth, E. , Benbrook, K. , 2002, Pesticide residues in conventional, integrated pest management (IPM)-grown and organic foods insights from three US data sets. Food Additives and Contaminants 19, 427446. Bartels J. and Reinders M. J. (2009).Social identification, social representations, and consumer innovativeness in an organic food context A cross-national comparison, Food and Quality appreciations,1-6, Elsevier Ltd. Bou-Llusar, J. C. , Camison-Zornoza, C. , Escrig-Tena, A. B. , 2001, Measuring the relationship between firm perceived quality and customer satisfaction and its influence on purchase intentions, Total Quality Management, 12, 719734. Chen, M. F, 2007, Consumer attitudes and purchase intentions in relation to organic foods in Taiwan Moderating effects of food-related personality traits, Food Quality and Preference 18, 10081021.Chryssohoidis, G. M. , Krystallis, A. , 2005, Organic consumers_ personal values research Testing and validating the list of va lues (LOV) scale and implementing a value-based segmentation task, Food Quality and Preference 16, 585599. Clark, R. A. , Goldsmith, R. E. (2006). Interpersonal influence and consumer innovativeness. International daybook of Consumer Studies, 30(1), 3443. Govindasamy R, Italia J. (1998). A willingness to purchase comparison of integrated pest management and conventional produce. Agribusiness. 14403-414.Honkanen, P. , Verplanken, B. Olsen, S. O., 2006, Ethical values and motives brainish organic food choice, Journal of Consumer Behaviour 5, 420430. Fillion,L. ,Arazi,S. ,2002. Does organic food taste better? A claim substantiation approach. Nutrition and Food Science 32, 153-157. Im, S. , Bayus, B. L. , Mason, C. H. (2003). An empirical study of innate consumer innovativeness, personal characteristics, and new-product adoption behavior. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(1), 6173. Keillor, B. D. , Hult, G. T. M. , Kandemir, D. (2004).A study of the service encounter in eight countries. Journal of International Marketing, 12, 935. Lockie, S., Lyons, K. , Lawrence, G. , Mummery, K. , 2002. Eating green Motivations behind organic food consumption in Australia. Sociologia Ruralis 42, 2340. McEachern,M. ,McClean,P. ,2002. Organic purchasing motivations and attitudes are they ethical? International Journal of consumer studies 26, 85-92. Menghi, A. (1997). Consumer Response to Ecological Milk in Sweden. Swedish Agricultural University, Uppsala. Miles,S. , Frewer, L. J,2001.Investigating specific concerns about different food hazards. Food Quality Preference, 12, 47-61. Ness, M. 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The somebody Who Inspired My Life EssayThe strongest influences in my life and my work are always whomever I love. Whomever I love and am with most of the time, or whomever I remember most vividly. I think thats true, dont you? (Tennessee Williams).I pondered this question for some time until I realised that the answer to this is in front of me. Every family has people who influence the lives of the other family members. Often the fathers or finds influence is the most important. However, in my family my chum salmon has influenced me the most because I enjoy his company, I evaluate him, and I can rely on him for good advice.He has all qualities of a good patron and by good friend I mean iodine that is understanding, but not too sympathetic. My brother will take up for me, but is not afraid to tell me when I am wrong. He is good person to know because he enjoys having fun. He is always up for hiking, fishing, swimming or as yet road tripping. He also enjoys going to the the atre and when I double date with him he is the one who keeps us laughing at what he says.I respect my brother because he is true to his principles and I need high esteem for his set of values. He had to work his way through university when he could have chosen the easiest way by staying at home. This inspired me to do the same and gave me the strength to pull it off. I hope that I can remain true to my values as my brother has. No effect what happens I know I can rely on his judgement. For instance, when I was getting a make out of pressure from someone and I couldnt talk to my parents about it, he was the one who listened to my side of the flooring without an instant condemnation. He never over-reacted to the problem without understanding it. Instead, he listened to my problem, asked me questions and helped me see the way to the solution. I whole tone like I can always rely on his advices.Although I love and respect my family, I am especially close to my brother. He is enjoyab le company and has earned my respect. I know I can rely on him no matter the situation is.

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Community Colleges vs College Universites- Compare Contrast EssayWhen graduating senior high school school many students are concerned with choices they bugger off to make as to which college they would like to serve hearty. nearly whitethorn save more options than others that work to be considered as far as their lifestyle, current jobs, other responsibilities they whitethorn have, personality and their academic goals. Choosing a college can be quite difficult. You can either decide on a college university or the local community colleges in your area. Community colleges are smaller than universities. Students will lift them to have fewer enrollments which mean smaller classroom sizes. They have a better chance of acquire hands on attending, asking more questions and learning course material better. Community colleges have intemperate advising systems and the advisers know their students well. The courses are usually taught by professors unlike some universities whose c ourses may taught by grad students. undersize colleges as these do not offer near as many courses or academic programs as universities.Tuition at community colleges are so much more cheaper than universities, you may have information as much as $3,500. 00 to 5,500. 00 at community colleges versus $30,000. 00 to $50,000. 00 at universities and that itself is a great deal to consider. some other great thing about attending a local community college in your area is that around people can drive back and forth from their own home. They do not have to business organization about dorm cost or finding apartments to rent when going away to college universities.College Universities may be for you if youre interested in having much more degree programs to choose from, if youre a go getter, not afraid to speak up for yourself and take advantage of opportunities. You may also want to attend a university if you are ready to get away and adventure out from your hometown and meet a square new diversity of thousands of people. If attending a university you can expect a much higher good turn of students than a community college. Universities have a wide range of majors and class courses. They tend to have better stocked libraries for all of your researching needs.A destiny of students choose universities because of the more programs that are offered and they feel when graduating from a university it looks a striation better having a diploma from a university than community college when applying for a job you have majored in. They also like the fact that there are many activities and a large number of uninfected events. They also have a chance to break free and are not tied trim at home with their parents. Succeeding at a university requires knowing what areas or subjects you are interested in and motivated about pursuing.Class sizes can contain up to hundreds of students and with that many people in iodine classroom it can be very hard to keep focus, ask questions a nd get hands on learning like you can at community colleges. Some students love the environment and find it arouse with that many students but on the other hand others feel depressed and overwhelmed because they may not be able to ask questions and find out the exact information they need to learn. Students who attend universities can be ready to hit the books hard each week and be sure to have a lot of study time.Professors are going to expect a great deal of their students and pile a lot of work on them at sensation time because they are considered as top-notch schools and they want their students to be well educated and really know the material. It can be very stressful for students who work jobs while in college but they have to make money and support themselves some way or another. Even though universities require a lot of work, students still find time to participate in extracurricular activities much(prenominal) as student organizations or community services. Some even joi n fraternities and sororities.Universities are likely to have great athletic teams and have a NCAA Divisions with games that are on television. Students love to support their college by wearing away school colors on game day and attending all of their games whether they are home or away. Students enjoy the tailgating and party time that comes along with the games, too Students will either live on the college campus or just a short distance off campus. Most students who stay in dorms have roommates. Some may know their roommates and others may be complete strangers and it can be very uncomfortable for them until they learn who and what kind of person they are.You must expect to sleep in the same room as your roommate, lot the bathroom and have no privacy. Its takes a lot amount of time to get from one place to another on a college university campus because of the number of students. You can expect a rush during tiffin hour and a timely wait. There will also be very long lines when try to register for classes and buying books. Its up to the person where they choose to attend college. Community colleges and Universities can be very similar but again its a whole new world specially when living on a University Campus.

Frida Kahlo Biography Essay Example for Free

Frida Kahlo Biography EssayFrida Kahlo was born on July 6th, 1907, Coyoacn, Mexico City, Mexico in her fetchs devout Blue House.1 She died at the age of 47 in her belove blue house on Tuesday, July 13th, 1954. Frida Kahlo is one of Mexicos most famous artists and represents resilience and strength. She was a surrealist and her prowess reflected visual honesty. Due to her weak and fragile body after her shot she went through 30 trading operations on her spine and make constant visits to the infirmary. In spite of so much pain Frida Kahlo channeled that and her feeling into her art. Frida Kahlo had these paradoxical qualities, where on the one pay shes this goddess that represents strength and resilience whereas on the opposite hand she can was similar to a man, she was crude like men she smoked, drank alcohol, swore and told dirty jokes to frighten guests.Although Frida suffered an immense center of physical and emotional pain she was always an outgoing person. People we re stunned by her beauty and wherever she went, people stopped in to stare at her. Men wanted her and women wanted to be her. Beautiful, intelligent, and super talented Kahlo was considered one of the most desirable women of her time. She was romantically linked with movie stars, artists, and politicians of many different nationalities. During her detachment from Diego, Frida engaged in several maps with both men and women. Diego turned a blind center of attention at her relationships with women but was enraged by her love affairs with men.At the age of 6 Kahlos got polio and her right leg and foot became deformed despite her bugger offs efforts to regain rough muscle mass the leg remained deformed which Kahlo covered with long dresses and skirts.1 She had a limp her whole demeanor and received the nick name peg-leg-Frida due to how skinny her right leg was. During 1922 the Mexican Renaissance exploit began and the government sponsored local artists to samara murals in chu rches, schools, libraries and public buildings. Diego Rivera, a man who would play a major(ip) role in Kahlos life, painted murals while Kahlo would hide, since students were forbidden to be in the auditorium, and watch him for hours. Rivera was frequently called panzon which means fat belly being as he was a 300 pound man.Kahlo got into an accident while on a bus with Alejandro on September 17th, 1925. The accident would change her life. A scream went through her hip bone and out the pelvic bone as a result she stony-skint her pelvic bone, spinal column and sustained other horrendous injuries which the doctors believed she would not survive. Kahlo decisionured 30 operations in her life history to correct the damage from the accident. Doctors said shed never conceive a child skilful term due to her fractured pelvis. Kahlo originally planned on becoming a doctor but instanter contendridden for several months she received paints and brushes from her father, her mother had a c arpenter construct and easel to place on her bed and a mirror was withal installed on the canopy above her so she could paint self-portraits.Kahlos father Wilhelm Kahlo thought Frida to be his favourite out of the four daughters he has with her mother Matilde Caldern Kahlo. Frida Kahlos father often said, She is the most intelligent of all my daughters and the most like me.2 Out of the 143 painting Frida Kahlo did in her lifetime 55 were self-portraits of her. She often said, I paint self-portraits because I am so often alone because I am the subject I k this instant best.2 Near the end of 1927 Kahlos life returned to a behavior of normal state and in 1928 at a party Kahlo from a distance saw Diego Rivera once more for the first time since the accident. Later Kahlo gave Rivera some of her work which he admired and told her she had talent. Kahlo said, I never paint dreams, I painted my own reality, I paint whatever passes through my head without any other consideration.2Frida Kah lo and Diego Rivera got married on August 21st, 1929, a civil ceremony was held in the town hall of Coyoacn.1 Kahlo wore fit out borrowed from her Indian maid. Diego was 42 years of age, 61 and 300 pounds and Frida was 22 years of age, 53, 98 pounds.2 Kahlos mother did not approve, however her father did on the basis that Rivera could pay for Kahlos hospital bills. After the ceremony while the party was in full swing Rivera apparently got obnoxiously drunk, broke a mans pinky finger, smashed several items and brandished his pistol. Kahlo was furious with Riveras behaviour and argued with him lastly leaving in tears. Kahlo tried to have children but due to the condition of her pelvis she couldnt take hold a child full term. Rivera didnt want children, partly because his line of work required him to blend constantly.While in crude York with Rivera in 1932 Kahlo who was 3 months pregnant had another miscarriage. On July 4th she was hospitalized at the Henry Ford Hospital where she spent thirteen days recovering during which she painted the swell up cognise Henry Ford Hospital which documents her tragic event in a very disturbing, graphic nevertheless honest style. When Kahlo received word in early September of 1932 that her mother was terminally ill she went planetary house immediately. Although her relationship with her mother remained distant her whole life she still loved her tenderly. Her mother passed away on September 15th 1932.2 Kahlo was not impressed with the United States, in fact during 1933 when she went back to New York to be with Rivera she created a painting called My Dress Hangs Here which expressed her discontentment with the United States, its social decay and its total human values.In 1934 Kahlo had to abort her third pregnancy at tierce months at which time she also went through a appendectomy, a surgical removal of the appendix, and an operation on her foot to remove three toes due to gangrene. Soon after she found out that Ri vera was having an affair with her younger sister Christina whose husband had decrepit her with two children. Due to this devastating discovery Kahlo separated herself from Rivera feeling betrayed by the two people she loved the most in the world.During 1936 the Spanish Civil War erupted. Kahlo and Rivera worked on behalf of the Republicans, raising money for Mexicans fighting against Francos forces. Later in 1937 Kahlo and Rivera helped out an exiled Soviet communist Leon Trotsky and his wife Natalia who stayed at the Blue House with them.1 Kahlo and Trotsky had an affair during their stay. Soon after Rivera became aware of Kahlo and Trotskys affair and in his rage got a divorce in 1939. Riveras rejection made Kahlo more open about her love affairs with women. On December 8th, 1940 Rivera who is now 54 years old and Kahlo now 33 got remarried on Kahlos two conditions, no sex, and no money, Kahlo took care of herself financially. Kahlo and Rivera were at a constant state of lo ve and war throughout their lives.On April 14th, 1941 Kahlos father died of a heart attack at which time Kahlo and Rivera moved into her fathers heartfelt Blue House. For the next two years Kahlos notoriety continued to grow and her paintings were shown in Mexico City, New York, Boston and Philadelphia.2 After her fathers death Kahlos health slowly diminished, she endured spinal taps, sweat in 28 different corsets and over the next decade several radical operations on her back and leg. Kahlo became depressed in 1944 and kept a journal expressing her emotional feelings through both school text and drawing which was later used to better understanding the woman and her art.2 Despite the pain and high battery-acid of pain killers Kahlo continued to paint, these were shown later in group exhibitions in Mexico.During 1950 Kahlo was hospitalized again and went through seven operations on her spine after which she spent nine months at the hospital recovering. Knowing Kahlo was near her end Lola Alvoraz Bravo held a solo exhibition for Kahlo in Mexico through April 13th-27th of 1950 at the Galeria de Arte Contemporaneo.2 Although Kahlos doctors told her she wasnt well enough to attend she did so anyways from the comfort of her very own bed which was transported by truck to the gallery. In August, 1953 Kahlos right leg from the knee down was amputated due to the spread of gangrene. A fitted prosthetic was made for her but due to her addiction to pain killers and her love for alcohol she was not allowed to use it often.Frida Kahlo died on a Tuesday afternoon on the 13th of July in 1954 in her Blue House which she was born into 47 years prior. The cause of death was reportedly pulmonary embolism.2 Suicide was suspected due to Kahlos severe depression, but this suspicion was never confirmed. Over 600 mourners passed by Frida Kahlos coffin in the Palacio da Bellas Artes. She was refined in her favourite hupil from the Yalalag district and over-accessorized with jewels . Once asked what to do with her body when she dies Frida Kahlo replied Burn it, I dont want to be buried I have spent enough time lying down, bonnie burn it2 And so Frida Kahlo was cremated, her ashes placed in a pre-Columbian urn which is on display at the Blue House. On November 24th, 1957 at the age of 71 Diego Rivera died of heart failure in his San Angel studio apartment in Mexico. The next year on July 12th, 1958 the Blue House was officially opened as the Museo Frida Kahlo.2

Heard and unheard music of Casablanca Essay Example for Free

Heard and unheard music of Casablanca EssayWhile Casablanca is one of the most know, satirized and oft time many lines repeated, the unsung hero of the movie is its music. Everyone knows As time goes by, but after sightedness the movie dirty dog you think of any other music from this classic. People who have bewitchn Casablanca dozens of times ( my father ) in their life can only remember As time goes by. This striving brings back the happy memories of Ilsa and grow in Paris.When become tells Sam not to incline that song, is it possible that Rick never wants to remember the good times with a woman he will never see again or his alcoholic self destructive nature depriving himself of any happiness. Ilsa on the other perish wants to remember the good times and that is why she asks Sam to Play it. In the scene following Ricks refusal to sell Laszlo the letters of transit, the German officers start singing a German song swoon Wacht Am Rhein. passkey Laszlo never one to let t he Germans get the upper hand asks the band to play La Marsellaise. Many in the crowd sing along to La Marsellaise as well as Laszlo. The German officers try in vain to out sing the crowd, but with their small numbers and their national socialist cause, the French Anthem wins the day. Shortly after this, Major Strasser orders Captain Renault to close down Ricks. devil competing songs bring the closure of our heroes night club, a pivotal point in the movie, and few if any can remember the names of the 2 songs nor even hum a few bars.This scene also places Victor Laszlo on top of Major Strassers list of things he needs to clean up in Casablanca. So why is it that 2 epic anthems, such a critical part of this blast goes unheard and a song like As time goes by is sung, hummed and quoted so often. It is my belief that As time goes by brings back the memories of the good times and Die Wacht Am Rhein and La Marsellaise bring up the confrontation that many go to the movies to forget. The next time I see Casablanca, I will be humming As time goes by.

Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Mice and work force Es understandThere ar a number of characters in Of Mice and Men who have fantasys of a break life. These characters include George, Lennie and Candy, who dream of a farm of their have got, and Curleys wife, who dreams of becoming a glamorous Hollywood actress. In this act I will discuss their dreams and the effects on the novels characters when their dreams are unfulfilled. The central characters in Of Mice and Men are George and Lennie. Their dream is introduced to the reader in the first chapter, OK. Someday were gonna get the jack together and were gonna have a miniscule house and a couple of acres an a cow and some pigs and An live turned the fatta the lan, Lennie shouted. An have rabbits. George and Lennies dream is to leave behind their lives as traveling workers and have a place of their avouch where they crapper settle go across. For Lennie the dream of living on their own farm is closely connected to looking at after rabbits. Perhaps thi s is because the only way that Lennie can actually relate to the dream is through the persuasion of something practical and touchable which relates to his tactile qualities. Clearly, the material aspect of owning his own land means very little to Lennie.At the start of the novel we learn that Lennie likes to pet soft things, like mice and rabbits. It is this trait that eventually leads to Lennies dip when he tries to smooth Curleys wifes soft hair. However, for George the dream of the farm has other benefits. Firstly, George can see the practical, economic reward of owning their own place. If I was bright, if I was even a little bit smart, Id have my own little place, an Id be bringin in my own crops, stead of doin all the work and not getting what comes up outta the ground. nonetheless it is not just the practical benefits of owning a farm that attract George to this dream.We learn that George has no family I aint got no people, and it seems as though the dream of a farm also represents the notion of home to George. An wed guard a few pigeons to go flyin around the winmill like they done when I was a kid bind jus live in that location. Wed belong there. So, for George, the dream of a farm offers a psychological antidote to his rootless, travelling life and gives him a genius of belonging. another(prenominal) attraction of the farm dream is that it gives George the promise of some sand of control and autonomy in his life. In his conversation with Candy about owning a farm, George saysSpose they was a bazaar or a circus come to town, or a ball game, or any diabolic thing. Old Candy nodded in appreciation of the idea. Wed just go to her, George said. We wouldnt ask nobody if we could. Jus say Well go to her, an we would. This shows how powerless George feels in his life and how oftentimes power employers exercised over their workers at that time. Another example of George and Lennies powerlessness is shown after Lennies fight with Curley, the bos ss son when Georges immediate concern is that they will be can or dismissed.However, in this situation, they retain their jobs because Slim steps in and persuades Curley to say he got his hand caught in a machine. In Chapter 2 when George and Lennie discuss their dream they are overheard by Candy, the old swamper. Candy is right off swept up with the idea of owning their own farm and offers his savings to them to make the dream come true. At this point in the novel it seems as if the dream could actually become a reality. They fell into silence. They looked at one another, amazed. This thing they had never really believed in was coming true. George said reverently, Jesus ChristI bet we could swing her. His eyes were full of wonder. What is interesting is that at this point in the novel the dream of the farm actually moves from being a pipe dream which will probably never happen, to an manageable goal which is actually within their grasp. It is Candys involvement that makes this change take place. Although Candy shares Georges reasons for wanting a farm, there is also an extra dimension for Candy wanting to live on their own place. We get the sense that Candy feels redundant, useless and vulnerable because he is old and has lost his hand.Candy feels uneasy about his afterlife Theyll can me purty soon. Jus as soon as I cant swamp out no gimcrackery houses theyll put me on the county. So for Candy the dream of the farm means independence nobody could can us, because in his present situation he is entirely dependent on the bosss tolerance and charity. In the novel, this is part demonstrated by Carlson shooting Candys dog earlier that evening. In an echo of Candys own situation of the ranch, Carlson, without much pity or concern, shoots Candys dog because he is old and it is inconvenient to keep him because of the smell.It is not hard to venture that Candy feels there is a parallel between his own situation and his dogs. Candys attachment to the dream of their own farm is demonstrated in Chapter 5 when he realises that all hopes of the dream have come crashing down when he discovers Curleys wifes dead body You God damn tramp, he said viciously. You done it, dint you? I spose youre glad. Everbody knowed youd quid things up If they was a circus or a baseball game we would of went to her Never ast nobodys say so.

Education Essay Example for Free

Education EssayThe terms dreadful and dreary be commensurate descriptions to partly describe the education I had back in Korea. As Rose would explain it, schools that do well, with teachers and facilities that really contri onlye to the real education of the mind do exist (Rose 1989). However, during his and my time, the settings were someways similar. I had at peace(p) through subjects that were forced on me as if food that organises one to flip over. Korean education for me was a little second base ilk blind leading the blind idea. Being raised a due south Korean I captured the hell education is. Vocational school really meant to prepare us for the world of work as it is also projected to do for wad here in the unite States. Back then, the vocational section of our school actually meant schooling for the average and the below average educatees who seemed to hand over no other future like in the university, but to get married and work in some physique of factory or behind an isolated desk.Like the banking concept of Freire which the author detailed as the absence of dialogue and problem-posing set-up and replaced or dominated by control and depositing of the all too-knowledgeable teacher, my past experience exactly mimic Freires descriptions when I was under the tutelage of mentors who also on the button passed on the kind of ignorance they received from others before them (Freire 1993 ch 2). It was a mixture of hell and a hellish kind of experience.Roses apt depiction of his adventure in a jungle of misappropriation of learning may non be as exactly the aforesaid(prenominal) as mine, but the fact that I just somehow drifted then and passively went through schooling was a dismal failure to me. Failure because I had emerged with the same credulity and only a bit sophisticated with getting away with my increasing ignorance about umpteen things. Fortunately, despite my parents lack of know how, their wise supervision over us children became in truth crucial and of the essence(p) as I emerged an adolescent and a young person.The time when we reached mainland USA had somehow spelled differently for me. Things like being introduced to a teacher much like Rose had in the person of Mr. MacFarland (Rose 1989), worlds of ideas and opportunities opened for me when I was tutored by this wonderful person who had the patience to point to me my inadequacies and strengths in a very non-threatening yet emphasized manner, awakening me to rise to the challenge of emerging from being average to strike at what I do best.I just wanna be average (Rose 1989) is well maybe a safe battle address for most because it removes the guilt and even more so the pressure to become somebody who actually has a lot more insecurities than the truly average guy. Or so I thought. However, things are a bit a changing as the song goes. I have a passion within me that had started to bite deep within and refuse to go away. This is the passion to inquire, t o absorb, to learn and to explore the many whys that had cropped up always since a teacher started to lead us how to make inquiries. This is exactly what Freire would have wanted.Teachers become dominators when they truly mean that the students are just out there in front of them as willing audience to a play with which only one is the protagonist and antagonist and that is the teacher (Freire 1993). Unless the mentor thinks as a student as well, immersing himself again in the shoes of his mentees he will soon forget that these little people in front of him actually have minds of their own that no matter what one teaches, those minds will commit the hall devoid of real encounters and real and practical materials that they ought to carry with them until college days are over.Conclusion and recommendation Indeed, being average has its place, but when the teachers start to label and judge a student or students as only that, the teacher ceases to understand the mindset that is still very much malleable, and capable of immense exploits. several(prenominal) suggestions not very different from the proposed learning set-up by Freire are in my mind. The management of the classroom experiences are structured or planned such that the students or pupils will have sufficient time and position to develop their powers of inquiry.This is their entitlement to empowerment i. e. he students start to have a sense of control and directions with their own learning. When this happens, the students sprightliness committed and engaged and are hooked as what has happened to Mike Rose. What Mike Rose described in his accounts are telling of the general atmosphere in most traditionally run schools not just even in the United States. Elsewhere in countries who look up to Uncle Sam are institutions following(a) our footsteps and producing the same sad, sad stories of students who are gripped by the powerful influence of teachers who do not teach but make their audience depositories of a different kind.The process of developing an inquiring mind is not very easy. It takes a lot of creativity and constant research and innovations from that of the teacher to produce materials or activities that encourage the students to make and generate questions pertaining to and not only confined to the lessons defined in the syllabus. This is the reason that Freire often referred to as the teacher playing and assuming the role as well as that of the student.This stance takes into the premise then, that students in any(prenominal) economic status in life they may spring from, are not dumb and tout ensemble passive. They start to be that way because most teachers expect them to behave as such. Various theoretical perspectives in learning actually boil down to the realization that in order for real learning to happen, the students must craft their own ideas and concepts, and must take ownership of the kinds of lives they must eventually lead. This is accountability and respons ibility.